Input – Something that is given to a device to begin a process.
Output – Information that is processed and sent out by a device.
Storage – Something that retains information.
Scanners: They take printed media to generate a digital bitmap of an image. Common use is to digitize photos or to perform character recognition. When an image is digitized, it is converted into a series of pixels which is stored as binary data based on the colour of the pixel.
Optical Character Recognition(OCR): The identification of printed characters using photoelectric devices and computer software.
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition(MICR): It is a technology used to check the legitimacy of paper documents, especially checks. Unique ink, which is sensitive to magnets is used to print certain characters on genuine documents. Mainly used in banks.
Optical Mark Recognition(OMR): This is used to see human-marked, such as a dash, on a form. Main uses of this is to read questionnaires and multi-choice exam papers.
Barcodes: Method used to show data in a visual, machine-readable form. They are varied by the different widths and thicknesses of the lines. They are used in the retail market to identify different products.
Radio-Frequency Identification(RFID): It involves the use of electromagnetic fields to automatically track tags that have been placed on objects. The tags contain electronically stored information that is captured by a reader.
Computer Science Notes 